Top 3 most modern wastewater treatment technologies

Wastewater treatment technology is one of the  issues receiving great attention, as the increase of industrial and residential activities is putting a lot of pressure on our water resources. Therefore, wastewater treatment becomes an urgent requirement to protect the environment and ensure human health. In this article, we will take a look at the top 3 most modern wastewater treatment technologies, which are widely used worldwide to solve wastewater problems.

1. What is domestic wastewater?

Domestic wastewater is water contaminated by waste products produced in the process of human activity, including water from bathrooms, toilets, sinks, kitchens and other domestic activities. Domestic wastewater contains toxic substances such as microorganisms, chemicals, organic matter and washing dirt, which can be harmful to human health and the environment if not disposed of properly. Therefore, the treatment of domestic wastewater becomes an important and necessary issue to protect the environment and human health.

2. Domestic wastewater treatment technology should be selected according to what criteria?

When choosing domestic wastewater treatment technology, there are several important criteria to consider to ensure the efficiency and reliability of the treatment system.

· One of the most important criteria when choosing domestic wastewater treatment technology is treatment efficiency. It is necessary to assess the ability to remove toxic substances and significantly reduce the amount of dirt in wastewater. A good wastewater treatment technology will remove most of the harmful substances, increase the transparency of the water and significantly reduce the contaminants present in the water.

· The reliability and sustainability of the treatment system is a very important factor. It is necessary to evaluate the stable operation of the system, the sustainability during use, and the ability to troubleshoot. In addition, equipment and resource status should be considered to ensure continuous operation of the system.

· The operating and maintenance costs of the treatment system are also a factor to consider. It is necessary to evaluate the operation, maintenance and repair costs of the system in the long term to ensure the efficient and sustainable operation of the system.

· The capacity and area required for the treatment system is also an important factor to consider. It is necessary to evaluate the storage capacity of the treatment system, especially in the case of a large amount of input domestic wastewater. In addition, it is necessary to assess the area required to build the treatment system.

3. Current wastewater treatment technologies

Among the current wastewater treatment technologies, MBBR, AO and SBR are widely used and effective technologies in the treatment of domestic wastewater. Here is some basic information about each type of technology:

3.1. MBBR (Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor) wastewater treatment technology

MBBR is a  wastewater treatment technology based on biological treatment using algae, bacteria, fungi and other microflora to decompose organic matter in wastewater. This technology uses non-stationary plastic particles to culture microorganisms, which increases the contact area between them and wastewater. These plastic particles are fed into a pumping system and kept afloat in a treatment tank. The wastewater treatment process is carried out in layers of algae and bacteria coated on plastic particles.

MBBR wastewater treatment technology has the advantages of being effective in treating wastewater with low sludge concentration, high treatment capacity, does not require large land area, quickly responds to expansion needs and does not need high monitoring techniques. However, this technology needs to regularly ensure microorganisms in the MBBR system to ensure effective wastewater treatment.

3.2. AO (Anoxic-Oxic) wastewater treatment technology

AO wastewater treatment technology combines Anoxic (oxygen-free) and Oxic (oxygen-free) biological treatment. Anoxic and Oxic treatment is carried out through combined or separated tanks. During wastewater treatment, microbes are used to decompose organic matter and persistent organic matter. During anoxic treatment, bacteria will use nitrates or nitrites as oxidants instead of oxygen. During oxygen treatment, bacteria will use oxygen to break down organic matter.

3.3. SBR wastewater treatment technology

SBR Wastewater Treatment Technology: SBR stands for “Sequencing Batch Reactor”, which is a wastewater treatment technology using a unit treatment tank. The wastewater treatment process using SBR technology is carried out in different stages such as deposition, treatment, agitation and solid-liquid separation. At each stage, the wastewater treatment process is carried out by adjusting the amount of oxidizing gas and treatment time to achieve optimal efficiency in wastewater treatment.

4. Japan’s wastewater treatment technology

Johkasou wastewater treatment technology is one of the advanced technologies widely used in Japan to treat domestic wastewater and wastewater from small industrial parks. This technology has been developed since the 1960s and has become an integral part of the wastewater treatment system in Japan.

Johkasou Technology uses a wide range of treatment tanks and various filtration devices to remove hazardous substances and clean up wastewater. During the treatment process, wastewater will be put into tanks combined with microorganisms to carry out the decomposition of organic matter, then treated with filtration devices such as stationary filters and active filters to remove impurities and remaining organic matter.

Johkasou technology has many advantages, including high efficiency in wastewater treatment and minimizing odors, noise levels and vibrations during treatment. In addition, this technology also saves energy and operating costs, making it an environmentally friendly solution.

However, in order to apply Johkasou technology, it is necessary to meet a number of technical requirements in terms of space, land and electricity, and regular inspection and maintenance are required to ensure the efficient operation of the system.

5. Summary

In order to treat domestic and production wastewater effectively, wastewater treatment technologies such as MBBR, AO, SBR, and Johkasou are being commonly used in the world. Each technology has its own advantages and limitations, depending on the conditions and requirements of each specific wastewater treatment project.

Along with the development of wastewater treatment technologies, wastewater treatment exhibitions and seminars are also held regularly around the world. WRV 2023 (Waste & Recycling Vietnam Expo 2023) will be held from November 22 to 24, 2023 by RX Tradex, providing a platform for wastewater treatment experts and manufacturers to exchange experiences and introduce the latest products and technologies in the field of wastewater treatment.

This is a great opportunity for professionals, businesses, managers and researchers in the field of wastewater treatment to learn and apply the most advanced technologies to effectively treat wastewater and protect the environment. With the development of technology and increasingly serious environmental challenges, finding sustainable and advanced wastewater treatment solutions and technologies is extremely important.