What is Electronic Quartz? Common types of electronic quartz

In modern electronic circuits, quartz plays a crucial role in ensuring the stability of the system. But what exactly is quartz, and why is it so essential? To better understand the different  types of electronic quartz used in electronics and how to test them, join RX Tradex as we explore the measurement methods and the functions of quartz in electronic circuits, helping you maintain and repair electronic devices effectively.

1. What is Quartz?

Quartz is an electronic component made from quartz crystals (or quartz stones), which is widely used in electronic circuits, wearable electronics, as well as in broadcast stations and signal processing systems. This component is often used as an oscillator for pulse circuits, and they are the main component in electronic watches.

Quartz works based on an electrical effect, i.e., when a certain voltage is applied to the two sides of the quartz crystal, it will be deformed. Conversely, when pressure is applied to the two sides of the quartz, it will generate electricity.

In circuit diagrams, quartz is often denoted as XT, X, or OSC. It can come in a variety of shapes and is packed according to two main standards, iron case and ceramic case. The number of legs of quartz components can also vary depending on the type, usually 2 or 4 legs.

2. Types of electronic quartz

Currently, electronic quartz is often classified based on the material and structure of each quartz (number of feet). Each type of quartz has its own unique characteristics.

3. Classification by material

Iron-shelled quartz: This type has a shell made from iron

Quartz ceramic shell: This is a type of quartz with a shell made from ceramics, which has good electrical insulation.

4. Classification by structure

2-pin quartz: This type of quartz has two pins connected to the circuit

3-pin quartz: This type of quartz has three legs for mounting on electronic circuits

4-pin quartz: The quartz type has 4 pins for plugging in electronic circuits

In addition to understanding what quartz is, the types of electronic quartz, it is also important to test the quartz to determine whether it is still active (living or dead quartz). This helps us to inspect and repair electronic devices more efficiently.

5. How to measure and test quartz with a multimeter

Before testing quartz, it should be noted that quartz can emit square pulse oscillations in the form of sinusoidal waves. Therefore, it is necessary to use multimeters that are capable of measuring frequency (Hz). This meter needs to have a large total input impedance so as not to affect the amplitude of the wave.

To measure 3-foot quartz with a multimeter, you can follow these steps:

Step 1: Select the scale with Hz frequency on the multimeter

Step 2: Insert 2 probes into the 2 ports on the multimeter according to the technique

Step 3: Place the black probe into the middle leg of the 3-pin quartz and the red probe into either of the other legs.

Step 4: Observe the peer screen. If the quartz is active, it will display the frequency value displayed on the multimeter.

For 2-legged quartz, do the same by placing two probes on the legs of the quartz. The result will be displayed as a number on the multimeter screen. Just read the value to determine whether the quartz is still active or not.

6. How to measure and test quartz with an oscilloscope

In addition to using a multimeter to test the quartz, you can also use an oscilloscope to determine if the quartz is still working or not. Below is a guide to testing quartz with an oscilloscope:

Step 1: Use 12V power for the circuit. Connect the middle leg of the quartz to the cooler, and connect the other two legs of the quartz to the two capacitors.

Step 2: Clip the cooler wire of the oscilloscope to the cooler wire of the power supply. Place the other probe of the oscilloscope into either leg of the quartz.

Step 3: Observe the oscilloscope screen. If the quartz is still active, you will see a sinusoidal wave signal with an amplitude of less than 2V.

In addition to checking for live or dead quartz, you can also learn about quality and accurate multimeters for measuring quartz.

7. Conclusion

Above is information about the types of electronic quartz, common types of quartz and how to check their operating status. Hopefully, through the above article, you have mastered the knowledge of this important component to be able to handle in time when electronic devices have problems, ensuring their stable and effective operation. In addition, if you want to stay up-to-date with the latest advanced technologies and market trends, join NEPCON Vietnam – Vietnam’s leading exhibition on SMT, inspection technology, equipment, and electronics manufacturing supporting industries organized by RX Tradex Vietnam. Register to participate right here.